{"id":"W4297853390","doi":"10.1016/j.proci.2022.07.214","title":"LES/FGM investigation of ignition and flame structure in a gasoline partially premixed combustion engine","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Combustion Institute","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Vetenskapsrådet; Lunds Universitet; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Egg Farmers of Canada; College of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, Youngstown State University; China Scholarship Council; Energimyndigheten; University of Connecticut","keywords":"Combustion; Ignition system; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Diffusion flame; Materials science; Flame structure; Large eddy simulation; Mechanics; Premixed flame; Gasoline; Diffusion; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Combustion chamber; Turbulence; Physics; Organic chemistry; Combustor","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002308645,0.0001903625,0.0002762295,0.0002732255,0.0001335163,0.000009793653,0.0003366728,0.0001121335,0.00002514601],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004491419,0.0001800123,0.00005285988,0.0008458364,0.0002215967,0.000375567,0.000332605,0.0005679848,2.545866e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002722096,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002773647,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008684086,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986815,0.00001264744,0.000517068,0.0002523304,0.0003438718,0.0001925341],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991952,0.00003902566,0.0003785296,0.0001443044,0.0002042975,0.00003865803],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009165185,0.0000455171,0.008043963,0.0003462841,0.00002220876,4.815776e-7,0.0003669671,0.5888814,0.3700355,0.03025531,0.00008486911,0.00182583],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002772236,0.000217332,0.03010283,0.0005813666,0.0001223865,0.00005671758,0.0007924035,0.2454333,0.6930331,0.02592408,0.0004014995,0.0005627481],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930474,0.00007405166,0.00539897,0.0005330723,0.0002146423,0.0003906643,0.00003423356,0.0002077574,0.0000991942],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995813,0.0000250999,0.003959886,0.00002233946,0.00002971329,0.00006229217,0.00002931331,0.00002179025,0.0000365664],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3434481,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.734069,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01700230840079308,"score_gpt":0.2252056246388807,"score_spread":0.2082033162380877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}