{"id":"W4297970707","doi":"10.1561/1500000006","title":"Email Spam Filtering: A Systematic Review","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Foundations and Trends® in Information Retrieval","topic":"Spam and Phishing Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":254,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Information retrieval; World Wide Web","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01052091,0.001762997,0.007428447,0.01842319,0.001017262,0.002832124,0.002700576,0.002803679,0.01046142],"category_scores_gemma":[0.05624134,0.00102531,0.006607707,0.01406608,0.001057323,0.003676336,0.002021892,0.001452539,0.001380797],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0033008,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0126718,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005600766,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01454226,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9909906,0.002999418,0.003078411,0.0007152354,0.001989533,0.0002268105],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9510706,0.03687585,0.005269426,0.00100796,0.0052904,0.0004858436],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002124087,0.00003224169,0.0006678194,0.837651,0.00439067,0.000161145,0.0003266775,0.0001381075,0.0001520989,0.0005068164,0.01013072,0.1456304],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001391634,0.0001930681,0.002986412,0.8870235,0.02405658,0.0006421646,0.0002697278,0.0001208452,0.0002034083,0.0008692618,0.08344458,0.00005131925],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003978773,0.9973227,0.0003607493,0.0004684563,0.0001523391,0.0002834407,0.0004657927,0.0000219693,0.0005266453],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.003992092,0.9930161,0.000844512,0.0009375277,0.0001336411,0.0004898342,0.0003643893,0.00001299473,0.0002087997],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01842319,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05564052,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03921906353638043,"score_gpt":0.3134118227029408,"score_spread":0.2741927591665603,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}