{"id":"W4297988790","doi":"10.3390/app12199820","title":"A Novel Deep Learning Approach for Deepfake Image Detection","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Sciences","topic":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":197,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Convolutional neural network; Face (sociological concept); Transfer of learning; Artificial intelligence; Deep learning; Fake news; Social media; Computer security; Data science; Internet privacy; World Wide Web","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004829422,0.00144308,0.0008653546,0.001166346,0.0004714673,0.0009173896,0.001968043,0.001637291,0.003804371],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001138229,0.0005213599,0.001037559,0.0007799901,0.0004241976,0.001412026,0.001218993,0.002062545,0.001700848],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009888107,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00121778,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00891095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01277659,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999611,0.00003448026,0.00002069535,0.0001075408,0.0001149506,0.0001112787],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996612,0.00007377389,0.00003910318,0.00004748342,0.0001467299,0.00003177327],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002721731,0.0002658771,0.002286285,0.0001534252,0.0001501153,0.0002871152,0.00006364791,0.1267614,0.0260877,0.004054104,0.01454319,0.825075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007439952,0.00005664513,0.0004505628,0.00001584206,0.00001681356,0.000103737,0.0000152814,0.986697,0.008118658,0.00200225,0.002504047,0.00001170228],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.03591277,0.001523527,0.9517304,0.000582927,0.000269868,0.0001401312,0.0007272651,0.004973414,0.004139799],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5803851,0.001404942,0.3860556,0.0009412232,0.0001909519,0.0002750384,0.003479582,0.0003035849,0.02696389],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00891095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0177182,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01717738125733426,"score_gpt":0.2232634776273456,"score_spread":0.2060860963700114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}