{"id":"W4297989584","doi":"10.1162/rest_a_01241","title":"On the Economic Consequences of Mass Shootings","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Review of Economics and Statistics","topic":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Productivity; Pessimism; Yield (engineering); Economics; Work (physics); Demographic economics; Economic growth; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001190281,0.00003912802,0.000144015,0.00001135533,0.0002821846,0.00001272735,0.0002029992,0.000006039614,0.002316838],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008632995,0.00002548207,0.00005073803,0.00001972832,0.000332001,0.00001495388,0.00004363883,0.00005606805,0.000004005368],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000403655,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008752978,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008609619,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001991336,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994269,0.0001506331,0.0002601718,0.00006280807,0.00003275579,0.00006672201],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991078,0.000499382,0.0002457065,0.0001148367,0.00001647826,0.00001578616],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001479615,0.000005592422,0.000076533,0.000109716,0.00001411477,5.681487e-8,0.0003310317,0.00004693536,0.000001674686,0.9902196,0.005786425,0.003406877],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002141625,0.0003915566,0.000618851,0.001021178,0.0001765406,0.000003999701,0.008072635,0.002039497,0.0000860258,0.5041718,0.4829468,0.0002569759],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7849919,0.0572373,0.001704508,0.05768557,0.001466663,0.002101054,0.007833404,0.00001728541,0.08696237],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.861949,0.1363854,0.0002949094,0.0009092757,0.00002792761,0.00002314199,0.000007812356,0.000005167748,0.0003974184],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4860477,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985952,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05834489879077812,"score_gpt":0.3400978939923575,"score_spread":0.2817529952015794,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}