{"id":"W4302304615","doi":"10.3389/fsufs.2022.961068","title":"The Entrepreneurs: Dairy farmer perspectives on finding an industry solution for the surplus calf issue—A participatory case study","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems","topic":"Organic Food and Agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; University of British Columbia; University of Prince Edward Island","funders":"University of British Columbia","keywords":"Citizen journalism; Animal welfare; Dairy industry; Welfare; Business; Dairy cattle; Participatory action research; Marketing; Economics; Economic growth; Political science; Biology; Food science; Animal science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02016233,0.0005745214,0.0007668308,0.001619825,0.02802076,0.009821241,0.002524264,0.005689308,0.003561813],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02305551,0.000745496,0.0004038104,0.001908708,0.01487635,0.005493113,0.010126,0.00558736,0.0003294063],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01010105,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01763556,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04886109,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06853154,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9801387,0.01406118,0.0003135905,0.001064613,0.001416638,0.003005301],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9792297,0.01368942,0.001165222,0.0003833436,0.001637052,0.003895149],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004296607,0.0001078224,0.002885476,0.00006815412,0.000003642071,0.004320018,0.9842343,0.00006113965,0.0007771567,0.002926262,0.0008565665,0.003716542],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006442341,0.00004401088,0.0004549149,0.00006440083,0.000003638808,0.0003200848,0.9879549,0.0001058064,0.0001451178,0.0004259573,0.01046308,0.00001169337],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9660547,0.0005105504,0.002859524,0.01758164,0.000147419,0.0003468396,0.00004116121,0.00002050937,0.01243759],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894947,0.0006619661,0.001872331,0.002621263,0.00004476249,0.0002048939,0.00002239475,0.00002095736,0.005056735],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04886109,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1066298,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03226995299080052,"score_gpt":0.2569093047677994,"score_spread":0.2246393517769989,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}