{"id":"W4302549080","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/201527175","title":"Fossil group origins","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Astronomy and Astrophysics","topic":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics","funders":"U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Naval Observatory; Case Western Reserve University; National Science Foundation; Fermilab; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie; Max-Planck-Gesellschaft; Chinese Academy of Sciences; New Mexico State University; University of Portsmouth; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias; University of Pittsburgh; Los Alamos National Laboratory; Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; University of Washington; Princeton University; Johns Hopkins University; Universität Basel; Drexel University; University of Chicago; Ohio State University; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Physics; Astrophysics; Merge (version control); Galaxy group; Galaxy; Galaxy formation and evolution; Interacting galaxy; Galaxy merger; Context (archaeology); Redshift; Astronomy; Paleontology; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004916328,0.000290204,0.0002532169,0.001279615,0.002116912,0.001562073,0.0005564807,0.0006583729,0.03463239],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002818587,0.0001223156,0.0001507096,0.001451229,0.001753955,0.001565793,0.001765444,0.001058249,0.004778779],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001254152,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001060135,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00693622,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006161138,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995064,0.00008614589,0.00002216967,0.0001887651,0.0001139187,0.00008260609],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998903,0.0001657668,0.0002711167,0.0001765713,0.0002264135,0.0002571628],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003171087,0.00007170864,0.04892359,0.001302556,0.00007155698,0.0009435713,0.00720705,0.001049909,0.003267697,0.6943411,0.03773986,0.2047643],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001698304,0.00006461325,0.03287026,0.0004004818,0.00004464755,0.001687382,0.001470247,0.0003277259,0.00116422,0.07450622,0.8874223,0.00002487872],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2544205,0.03752521,0.02442484,0.01426431,0.003019714,0.0001617931,0.01067969,0.0006857839,0.6548182],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9238058,0.01104258,0.007113961,0.001488337,0.0007520507,0.00005388485,0.004273351,0.0002228055,0.05124724],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03463239,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1158569,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009956883101216696,"score_gpt":0.2045560022364127,"score_spread":0.194599119135196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}