{"id":"W4306985013","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2022.105068","title":"Ultrasonic characterization of frozen soils using a multiphase poromechanical approach","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers and Geotechnics","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Characterization (materials science); Ultrasonic sensor; Soil water; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Poromechanics; Soil science; Materials science; Acoustics; Porous medium; Porosity; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000181157,0.00008813612,0.0001541442,0.00007005606,0.0001854049,0.00002284027,0.0001333364,0.00004082025,0.0004353216],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003698462,0.00008509337,0.00003948358,0.0001755424,0.00003323097,0.00007657927,0.00005384961,0.0001263721,0.000001330253],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004900925,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001745108,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005194494,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002006042,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993014,0.00004192718,0.0001634093,0.0001882119,0.000145673,0.0001593315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999674,0.0000379029,0.00008977536,0.0001244745,0.0000145504,0.00005934506],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007378937,0.001136624,0.1112474,0.0008574895,0.0002218731,0.0001633099,0.008425631,0.145171,0.2263105,0.001303938,0.001053674,0.5033706],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003094123,0.0001487675,0.01180398,0.000009901566,0.00001398643,0.00006979502,0.0001093002,0.9846931,0.0001281026,0.00007957723,0.002493896,0.0001401716],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.97772,0.0001657209,0.0204522,0.00005527136,0.0001937686,0.0001573212,0.001174542,0.00002985718,0.00005130135],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960624,0.0001143674,0.001454446,0.0002484542,0.00005346315,0.000001377305,0.002049958,0.000004139979,0.00001137466],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8395221,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4766466,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03422412014530785,"score_gpt":0.2253166483529817,"score_spread":0.1910925282076738,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}