{"id":"W4307511335","doi":"10.1038/s41746-022-00707-5","title":"Computer vision in surgery: from potential to clinical value","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"npj Digital Medicine","topic":"Surgical Simulation and Training","field":"Medicine","cited_by":198,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University Health Network; Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)","funders":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; European Commission","keywords":"Value (mathematics); Medicine; Optometry; General surgery; Medical physics; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Machine learning","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000884328,0.0004117345,0.003318839,0.0004934052,0.00004256796,0.00003804066,0.0001764975,0.0002959445,0.003309392],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001279376,0.0002878791,0.0006894708,0.0007746422,0.000107137,0.00009117104,0.000219495,0.000925452,0.000283525],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001503385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002279419,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000383951,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001460631,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9960968,0.0002241432,0.001752547,0.0007463918,0.0008262731,0.0003538609],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9947153,0.003998444,0.000260726,0.0004386217,0.00003680299,0.0005501477],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001132095,0.0001947211,0.0002912488,0.0005378603,0.0001024277,0.001077301,0.00002949656,0.000006600448,8.772092e-9,0.00002393577,0.002660388,0.9949628],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001792766,0.0005801098,0.001377353,0.01245714,0.0003101055,0.00006781139,0.00001846583,0.0001935528,5.531167e-9,0.00004292818,0.9829101,0.0002496491],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008945617,0.9807891,0.0003446357,0.0009460849,0.004199041,0.001287465,0.0001032009,0.0001696705,0.01126621],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.008746865,0.9808067,0.0001395369,0.002171914,0.004498804,0.00004306247,0.003175762,0.0001010897,0.0003162716],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9947131,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999573,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1653322886345929,"score_gpt":0.4473304925536011,"score_spread":0.2819982039190083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}