{"id":"W4307561088","doi":"10.1175/jamc-d-22-0070.1","title":"The Hunt for Missing Tornadoes: Using Satellite Imagery to Detect and Document Historical Tornado Damage in Canadian Forests","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology","topic":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Western University","funders":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Tornado; Meteorology; Geology; Satellite imagery; Climatology; Geography; Physical geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006810621,0.0004611586,0.0002592769,0.006892967,0.002136561,0.001992605,0.0009747429,0.0002644531,0.001514023],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0023009,0.0002874345,0.0003175036,0.006153462,0.000478747,0.0005460255,0.0007748625,0.0004478318,0.0003094064],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01296794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01885222,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9945837,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.998244,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994901,0.00001805163,0.00002304787,0.00007252993,0.0002685468,0.0001277206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978228,0.00008783829,0.0002301702,0.00006874055,0.001520854,0.0002696578],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001401263,0.00008431818,0.8915132,0.0002728456,0.0001319228,0.0003541549,0.0023351,0.003295954,0.002916958,0.0003822688,0.01407778,0.08449522],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000976486,0.00001757349,0.9790481,0.0001438374,0.00004810573,0.00006166934,0.003262423,0.006770671,0.00058331,0.00007192507,0.009943681,0.0000387943],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.94175,0.001798591,0.003055069,0.0005413363,0.00005051411,0.0004630056,0.03487415,0.0003741108,0.01709327],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9640736,0.001677935,0.01398506,0.00008952604,0.00001400275,0.0001200199,0.01688237,0.00004340672,0.003114095],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01296794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09408945,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01964068348124762,"score_gpt":0.2492639758942658,"score_spread":0.2296232924130182,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}