{"id":"W4307865734","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v12n7p98","title":"Investigating the Adaptation of Saudi High School Students to Electronic Dictionaries as Language Learning Tools","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"World Journal of English Language","topic":"Lexicography and Language Studies","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reading (process); Adaptation (eye); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Phone; Psychology; Computer science; Style (visual arts); Pandemic; Mathematics education; Medical education; Linguistics; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008504771,0.000137565,0.0002400031,0.0003168164,0.0007871319,0.000182583,0.0003945589,0.00001245665,0.00246286],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001376838,0.0001005975,0.0001604859,0.0002733602,0.0001225913,0.0002962226,0.000167276,0.0007406247,0.000005153299],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008715856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008548638,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006308656,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001722028,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982721,0.0002434075,0.0004376811,0.0001180795,0.0006761556,0.000252564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987527,0.0002702478,0.0004603642,0.0001345886,0.0003101099,0.0000720063],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007702337,0.00009722672,0.003630294,0.00002651079,0.0003305364,0.00003597993,0.9520472,0.003354002,0.0002893448,0.03278293,0.002289012,0.005039967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006181081,0.0005288657,0.002005807,0.00008833998,0.0001020171,0.000008073184,0.8245161,0.000008141524,0.0002264949,0.0002834689,0.1714516,0.0001629582],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9820257,0.004976006,0.00001269113,0.0002801155,0.0007336827,0.0001668497,0.0000235123,0.00003432949,0.01174708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926734,0.00002638469,0.0000699661,0.000575842,0.001441539,0.00002188598,0.00001163727,0.00001882328,0.005160518],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1691626,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998449,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01351879529098285,"score_gpt":0.2461303566948814,"score_spread":0.2326115614038985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}