{"id":"W4308885728","doi":"10.1063/5.0116853","title":"Numerical simulation of bubbly jets in crossflow using OpenFOAM","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Alberta","keywords":"Mechanics; Physics; Jet (fluid); Vortex; Bubble; Vorticity; Turbulence; Computational fluid dynamics; Reynolds number","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009145497,0.00007221815,0.0001639269,0.00006254097,0.00003012984,0.000005937656,0.0001102089,0.00001698255,0.00001453987],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001046878,0.00009013596,0.00004826255,0.0003408802,0.00001618924,0.00009672999,0.00006167999,0.000097551,6.886567e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009328414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003040209,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001137924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.96914e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994111,0.00001361116,0.0002133723,0.00008169062,0.0001591253,0.0001210911],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997619,0.00003786764,0.00002494264,0.0001304061,0.0000265187,0.00001840886],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005252805,0.00003416017,0.0006409862,0.00003666167,0.000008427749,8.869465e-7,0.0002966822,0.8625019,0.1333881,0.001355384,0.000004619434,0.001726863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002187946,0.00002396679,0.0004954361,0.00001255138,0.000004114346,3.835781e-7,0.00002318693,0.9910483,0.006926927,0.00109183,0.00007225832,0.00008222854],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9004722,0.0001198352,0.09865742,0.000004500707,0.0001335228,0.00007986468,0.00001757428,0.00002274534,0.0004923471],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986093,0.00000371541,0.001303066,0.000006155418,0.00003770544,0.000004181412,0.00000906983,0.00002101777,0.000005791348],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1285464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3675638,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01932395768432884,"score_gpt":0.2614790636386162,"score_spread":0.2421551059542874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}