{"id":"W4309103399","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(22)00643-0","title":"Hidden sources of bias in diagnostic studies: the example of visceral leishmaniasis in east Africa","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Lancet Infectious Diseases","topic":"Research on Leishmaniasis Studies","field":"Medicine","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University Health Centre","funders":"Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Santé","keywords":"Visceral leishmaniasis; Diagnostic test; Diagnostic accuracy; Leishmaniasis; Referral; Medicine; Neglected tropical diseases; Disease; Medical physics; Intensive care medicine; Pathology; Family medicine; Pediatrics; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.07083613,0.001418438,0.008739104,0.006175421,0.0005510844,0.004613799,0.002602158,0.005553473,0.002903311],"category_scores_gemma":[0.2010087,0.0007672372,0.004760825,0.00905443,0.002553825,0.003239011,0.002318237,0.003497516,0.0002440978],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002676971,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006779897,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005561113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009655674,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9364001,0.04812504,0.00798237,0.002422304,0.004558346,0.0005118981],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.5122175,0.4681012,0.01196908,0.002934783,0.004411629,0.0003658608],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"methods","domain_candidate":"methods","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007068152,0.00005942574,0.004553602,0.4765181,0.02179026,0.0006005812,0.0009558905,0.0009349851,0.0003283216,0.01500988,0.009318825,0.4692234],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009349235,0.0003898415,0.01698245,0.7300512,0.06742913,0.002767545,0.001381925,0.001487489,0.0007390757,0.04508444,0.1324844,0.0002675332],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001939155,0.9980127,0.0003853564,0.001100932,0.0001436549,0.00001694942,0.00004196301,0.000002423204,0.000102137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01165008,0.9842201,0.001536447,0.001864838,0.0005184086,0.00007288963,0.0000600931,0.000005698224,0.00007150505],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9291639,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3746217,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2195123655228208,"score_gpt":0.3881523768776239,"score_spread":0.1686400113548031,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}