{"id":"W4309330816","doi":"10.1029/2022ja030844","title":"A Statistical Study of Nighttime Ionospheric NmF2 Enhancement at Middle‐to‐High Latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geophysical Research Space Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Ionosphere; Solstice; Atmospheric sciences; Latitude; Plasmasphere; Ionosonde; Earth's magnetic field; Northern Hemisphere; Altitude (triangle); Geomagnetic latitude; Middle latitudes; Electron density; Environmental science; Physics; Geology; Electron; Geodesy; Plasma; Geophysics; Magnetosphere; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000468655,0.0001492703,0.0002097565,0.0004974057,0.0002097565,0.0002797708,0.000150903,0.0001304464,0.0007288182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008712499,0.00006778518,0.0003783404,0.0007434063,0.0001668908,0.000198326,0.0001456012,0.0001230041,0.00009046352],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003582882,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002716579,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04567954,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03791509,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997993,0.00003318387,0.00001137908,0.00006305305,0.00004253123,0.00005064059],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993229,0.0002232534,0.0001468096,0.00008733996,0.00013223,0.00008751865],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001165011,0.000009657812,0.9925014,0.00001054137,0.0001004013,0.0001053821,0.00008277954,0.001547882,0.001788609,0.00004238817,0.0002687528,0.00342571],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001424331,0.00000840118,0.9976922,9.466501e-7,0.00000968672,0.0000241189,0.00005328539,0.001845365,0.0001472623,0.00001030703,0.0002048209,0.000002171432],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985572,0.00007786009,0.0003242438,0.00001315766,0.000004706431,0.000002286672,0.0005632747,0.00001516435,0.0004420824],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991228,0.00001696995,0.0000729272,0.000002765074,0.000005004487,0.000002166615,0.0006969827,0.00000358656,0.000076793],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04567954,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09082729,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02574656405748958,"score_gpt":0.3100036055121575,"score_spread":0.2842570414546679,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}