{"id":"W4309521414","doi":"10.18280/rces.090304","title":"Current Issues and Challenges with Scientific Validation of Digital Evidence","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Review of Computer Engineering Studies","topic":"Digital and Cyber Forensics","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cybercrime; Digital evidence; Ambiguity; Skepticism; Law enforcement; Digital forensics; Computer forensics; Computer science; Process (computing); Field (mathematics); Data science; Computer security; Internet privacy; Jurisdiction; Law; Political science; The Internet; World Wide Web; Epistemology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002546031,0.0001003708,0.0002896858,0.00006395124,0.00004687149,0.00004724436,0.0002878151,0.000003807754,3.825616e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002820499,0.00007717207,0.00003915493,0.0002772097,0.00006878327,0.000455774,0.0006267031,0.00004727472,4.761771e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001276724,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001608949,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":2.265961e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.130613e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991509,0.00001462837,0.00021487,0.0002063716,0.0003177342,0.00009543468],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994053,0.00008857728,0.0001010453,0.0002386753,0.0001452542,0.00002119026],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003014247,0.0001251202,0.0003932373,0.03722585,0.0001946591,0.00000531922,0.002198978,0.004585076,0.00001507802,0.04578014,0.001102405,0.9083712],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001426298,0.005410115,0.01269661,0.2168344,0.0004397036,0.0004044892,0.0004138034,0.08292662,0.005371697,0.007523957,0.6633514,0.003200972],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.009541065,0.9630219,0.02609656,0.0007450137,0.0003852149,0.0001443249,0.000003940917,0.00004729749,0.00001471716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5485419,0.4369864,0.01431227,0.00002246951,0.00005989776,0.00004227142,0.000003801998,0.00001187904,0.00001915818],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9051701,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3146986,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0568303405294896,"score_gpt":0.2839984388223721,"score_spread":0.2271680982928825,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}