{"id":"W4309524078","doi":"10.5430/afr.v11n4p37","title":"ESG and Firm Value","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Accounting and Finance Research","topic":"Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cash flow; Business; Enterprise value; Sample (material); Value (mathematics); Panel data; Stock (firearms); Econometrics; Order (exchange); Variety (cybernetics); Regression analysis; Positive relationship; Accounting; Actuarial science; Economics; Statistics; Psychology; Finance; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009326463,0.0001870224,0.0001987187,0.002305182,0.0002219744,0.001566834,0.0002668997,0.0004088454,0.004927128],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01044903,0.00005257421,0.0001805508,0.003465845,0.0004596979,0.001012776,0.0007769483,0.0004777762,0.0006133237],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007588714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003696293,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001276438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001344921,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989863,0.0002076518,0.0000936692,0.0001211883,0.0004707394,0.0001203778],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9814988,0.006394782,0.008327639,0.0007022165,0.00186755,0.001209079],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003859848,0.00008608909,0.9581118,0.00006157493,0.00007614424,0.0001200451,0.0001727826,0.0006931456,0.0001644578,0.00496196,0.00101719,0.03449623],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004829453,0.000104396,0.9883721,0.00005513019,0.00002285006,0.0001515416,0.0004198921,0.001151721,0.0001938774,0.005020483,0.004489891,0.00001327908],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9562514,0.001764294,0.001106655,0.00100854,0.00004204603,0.00003434159,0.001367516,0.00003042615,0.03839483],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979361,0.0002472722,0.0002323432,0.00004670893,0.00003349857,0.00000621417,0.0004314575,0.00000222811,0.001064151],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004927128,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01648289,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0625686889141012,"score_gpt":0.3305797722402274,"score_spread":0.2680110833261262,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}