{"id":"W4310095317","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0278072","title":"Drug utilization patterns before and during COVID-19 pandemic in Manitoba, Canada: A population-based study","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PLoS ONE","topic":"Antibiotic Use and Resistance","field":"Immunology and Microbiology","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Manitoba Health; Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba; University of Manitoba","funders":"Research Manitoba","keywords":"Medicine; Pandemic; Medical prescription; Population; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Demography; Environmental health; Prescription drug; Emergency medicine; Internal medicine; Pharmacology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006467366,0.0006316329,0.0005653616,0.002019909,0.002985188,0.001461058,0.001711688,0.0007106399,0.001461509],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00177828,0.0006298885,0.0008254828,0.006984564,0.001004652,0.0005160329,0.00110427,0.001003119,0.0003183162],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.03064752,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03852931,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9929167,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9950194,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990247,0.00006204658,0.00008113388,0.0001961678,0.0003187867,0.0003171332],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981591,0.00007419668,0.0003684894,0.00007931226,0.0008142987,0.0005045769],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003495489,0.00003728588,0.99751,0.00003310031,0.00004346807,0.00005360356,0.0004673155,0.00004643162,0.0001155205,0.00002815167,0.0005604041,0.001069696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007426195,0.00002886391,0.9981377,0.00002735403,0.0000282518,0.00004709857,0.001046576,0.0001435261,0.0000317658,0.000009684281,0.000482752,0.000008924769],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9883118,0.0008432402,0.0001191454,0.0003475647,0.00001535487,0.0001358487,0.008864907,0.00001816292,0.001343887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936758,0.0008510912,0.0003074539,0.000288314,0.00001474545,0.00007776906,0.003881938,0.000007716537,0.0008951895],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03064752,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2223644,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04158824499311637,"score_gpt":0.2371748641284155,"score_spread":0.1955866191352991,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}