{"id":"W4310107128","doi":"10.1182/blood-2022-167913","title":"Leading-Digit Bias Influences the Decision to Transfuse Hospitalized Patients","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Blood","topic":"Benford’s Law and Fraud Detection","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Numerical digit; Regression discontinuity design; Statistics; Mathematics; Arithmetic; Pathology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01437383,0.0002157208,0.0003048108,0.0005322536,0.0006813893,0.001716526,0.0007570625,0.0006967504,0.005554793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.142375,0.0002507322,0.0007506197,0.0005226296,0.0009131373,0.000845328,0.001191902,0.001191796,0.0004851133],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001093802,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00175351,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006556629,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007001663,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9748898,0.01908939,0.00156049,0.001439678,0.002007795,0.001012816],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9094688,0.06207649,0.02065304,0.003771433,0.002641361,0.0013889],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"methods","domain_candidate":"methods","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00161329,0.0002751344,0.9486328,0.0001305135,0.0002784079,0.000128532,0.002300606,0.001040718,0.000413695,0.002093672,0.002145811,0.04094689],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001725639,0.0009779223,0.962428,0.0006519547,0.0003825363,0.0005542767,0.003738062,0.01701483,0.00277681,0.007425932,0.003789604,0.00008751529],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9887577,0.0004900685,0.004984057,0.002571103,0.00008030404,0.00007035655,0.0002934314,0.00002925305,0.002723877],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974543,0.00006416177,0.001822257,0.0003306741,0.00002109621,0.00002480912,0.00006088076,0.00001019419,0.0002116054],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9856262,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07601696,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04028630042885373,"score_gpt":0.2813883518016714,"score_spread":0.2411020513728176,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}