{"id":"W4310688617","doi":"10.12927/hcpol.2022.26973","title":"Patent “Evergreening” of Medicine–Device Combination Products: A Global Perspective","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Healthcare policy","topic":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Bruyère; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Perspective (graphical); Business; Intellectual property; Computer science; Political science; Artificial intelligence; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006544669,0.0001504994,0.0004389127,0.0002935627,0.0002093807,0.00001084016,0.0002945072,0.0000490138,0.0003717316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003321981,0.000183621,0.00007934309,0.0008765783,0.0001214544,0.00009905009,0.0001822225,0.0002439815,0.0000730981],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001799337,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002608299,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0398505,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001392834,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983225,0.0000724082,0.0007214832,0.0004185224,0.00007222201,0.0003928095],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988355,0.0000369005,0.0004945462,0.0003269255,0.0001292007,0.0001769389],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004164698,0.0001110986,0.009581193,0.00009090896,0.00002781328,0.000001605103,0.001575336,0.00004349212,0.000005256127,0.9838582,0.003519781,0.001143714],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002349763,0.0007545541,0.03456834,0.00001818809,0.00001000007,0.00003438219,0.001463298,0.001900666,0.00003561209,0.6849265,0.2735597,0.0003789163],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1326233,0.009611994,0.00008940745,0.7555565,0.001143327,0.0009045373,0.002413594,0.00009297249,0.09756435],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9864377,0.0002355804,0.00007276636,0.01252259,0.0004043863,0.00006672761,0.00003240623,0.00001900883,0.0002087982],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8538144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9665432,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1749606082079628,"score_gpt":0.3748205591258012,"score_spread":0.1998599509178384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}