{"id":"W4310935478","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-323-90799-6.00037-9","title":"Sampling Methods and Theory","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Survey Sampling and Estimation Techniques","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Sampling (signal processing); Cluster sampling; Probability sampling; Nonprobability sampling; Statistics; Sampling theory; Temptation; Stratified sampling; Poisson sampling; Sampling design; Lot quality assurance sampling; Sample (material); Computer science; Mathematics; Sample size determination; Importance sampling; Slice sampling; Monte Carlo method; Psychology; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003619013,0.0003479667,0.0005488537,0.0001866183,0.0002325058,0.00004956805,0.0002134226,0.0002390261,0.001328174],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004607221,0.0003361223,0.0001589779,0.00001031562,0.0001134717,0.00003017889,0.0002615468,0.000619466,0.00001737464],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006820539,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005232651,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":4.058779e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000139733,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984668,0.0002304624,0.000459358,0.0004030933,0.0002405803,0.0001996583],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965944,0.00240523,0.0002947129,0.0005630185,0.00006128623,0.00008129521],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006516299,0.000002510756,4.95179e-7,0.00009084694,0.00004934413,0.000002173392,0.0002021834,8.798944e-8,0.000009176263,0.3286633,0.00008913724,0.6708842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004105423,0.00001855127,9.144892e-7,0.0001025347,0.00006776573,0.00001507523,0.000007711768,0.000003838312,0.00003855916,0.5148037,0.484704,0.0001962493],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.000009413158,0.001048268,0.01593726,0.00002146453,0.0002096071,0.0003698313,0.00004589931,0.000466224,0.981892],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00001181696,0.00008976204,0.3244197,0.0001162216,0.00008679456,0.00005660921,0.00002004634,0.0001064767,0.6750926],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.670688,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999091,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1298461662777545,"score_gpt":0.4056128625984955,"score_spread":0.275766696320741,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}