{"id":"W4310938993","doi":"10.1002/cphc.202200731","title":"Does Urea Preferentially Interact with Amide Moieties or Nonpolar Sidechains? A Question Answered Through a Judicious Selection of Model Systems","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ChemPhysChem","topic":"Crystallization and Solubility Studies","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Urea; Amide; Solubility; Hydrogen bond; Solvation; Alkyl; Solvent; Chaotropic agent; Aqueous solution; Organic chemistry; Molecule","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025924,0.0002498099,0.0004421344,0.00009363271,0.0002432526,0.0002547163,0.0003403777,0.0003354878,0.000493161],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004795987,0.0001248376,0.000188483,0.0001057943,0.0003095076,0.0005650381,0.0002012913,0.0003855286,0.0001238286],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002426966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000195884,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005838171,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001025518,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998739,0.00003251949,0.000007132644,0.00003908786,0.00002293041,0.00002441022],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998941,0.0000454631,0.00002411211,0.0000138735,0.00001149896,0.00001093051],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000159098,0.00006163558,0.0004676702,0.0002176075,0.00001873136,0.000106071,0.00005080139,0.00181307,0.9925102,0.001520765,0.0001071772,0.002967188],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003706899,0.0005045119,0.0007545634,0.00002490665,0.00003083884,0.00008446463,0.00006183545,0.0109213,0.984512,0.0009650594,0.002087303,0.00001618398],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9895768,0.00191116,0.006858213,0.000420711,0.00003040934,0.00006011245,0.0000906759,0.000036571,0.001015309],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911405,0.002561297,0.005628033,0.00007548594,0.00001542221,0.00008219444,0.00005386024,0.00001527461,0.0004277861],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005838171,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017609,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02607713401022163,"score_gpt":0.2714581416884084,"score_spread":0.2453810076781867,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}