{"id":"W4311057951","doi":"10.1287/mnsc.2022.4593","title":"Institutional Investor Attention, Agency Conflicts, and the Cost of Debt","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Management Science","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Shareholder; Debt; Business; Agency cost; Information asymmetry; Credit rating; Audit; Accounting; Agency (philosophy); Cost of capital; Monetary economics; Economics; Finance; Corporate governance; Microeconomics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001024197,0.00007431794,0.00008935692,0.000121184,0.001524075,0.0001895102,0.0005016822,0.000005692476,0.00009024398],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003462708,0.00005772974,0.00002846,0.001135983,0.0008891333,0.0007140402,0.0006983991,0.00006336068,0.00002541561],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003429427,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002195063,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003309859,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002031577,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988737,0.000007498617,0.0001678779,0.0002408676,0.0005451296,0.0001649434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994907,0.00001093234,0.0002197988,0.0002123111,0.00005923715,0.000006994075],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003440879,0.00003238355,0.04508393,0.00005942819,0.000007089847,0.000007318142,0.00004250187,0.0005868931,0.0001157213,0.945953,0.002920571,0.005156766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001027356,0.000005513343,0.6531418,0.00001528697,0.0000250749,0.000001854449,0.0001307636,0.003636018,0.000006074257,0.006682876,0.3352202,0.0001071312],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9000859,0.000195973,0.002113443,0.003308446,0.0007098638,0.0007542217,0.000007579722,0.00004047009,0.09278411],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954517,0.00003294628,0.00006744496,0.002454733,0.00006058462,0.00008049918,0.000003604026,0.000003554473,0.001844856],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9392701,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997758,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02002118814279452,"score_gpt":0.2104710137811865,"score_spread":0.190449825638392,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}