{"id":"W4311274646","doi":"10.1200/jco.22.00023","title":"Use of Instrumental Variable Analyses for Evaluating Comparative Effectiveness in Empirical Applications of Oncology: A Systematic Review","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Clinical Oncology","topic":"Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Partnership Against Cancer; Women's College Hospital; University of Toronto; Canadian Centre for Applied Research in Cancer Control; Health Sciences Centre; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Instrumental variable; Oncology; Medical physics; Internal medicine; Statistics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.2918737,0.002847147,0.01693834,0.02609913,0.001487791,0.009424668,0.004983986,0.003719906,0.003476537],"category_scores_gemma":[0.6632177,0.002486797,0.02654245,0.02654419,0.004603293,0.007763724,0.00420681,0.003309123,0.0003895456],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.009634235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02098548,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005190602,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009016533,"domain_scores_codex":[0.5174549,0.3261009,0.1015367,0.01354465,0.03990076,0.001462041],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.2196049,0.6844566,0.0634176,0.01391625,0.01801705,0.0005875828],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"methods","domain_candidate":"methods","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005217825,0.00003521362,0.008528415,0.8224727,0.1069018,0.00009326672,0.0005837033,0.0009770318,0.0001217392,0.002248891,0.001105304,0.05641019],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009118326,0.0006669857,0.009960408,0.7478437,0.2210535,0.0002495276,0.0007075284,0.001782495,0.0006293158,0.004713993,0.01132904,0.0001517585],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.003980994,0.9751025,0.0122948,0.001326148,0.0005634411,0.004537169,0.001247911,0.00008090452,0.0008660577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2070653,0.7021588,0.06062018,0.002792676,0.0008156151,0.02432403,0.00180549,0.0001155783,0.0003022758],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7081263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8732458,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.9553191728226137,"score_gpt":0.7508432072186777,"score_spread":0.204475965603936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}