{"id":"W4311847898","doi":"10.1177/20578911221141090","title":"Democratic backsliding in illiberal Singapore","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Asian Journal of Comparative Politics","topic":"Socioeconomic Development in Asia","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Democracy; Accountability; Political science; Dissent; Political economy; Technocracy; Disinformation; Authoritarianism; Government (linguistics); Collective action; Hegemony; Law; Sociology; Politics; Social media","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002924515,0.00009428542,0.0001982681,0.0007313117,0.003347327,0.004318697,0.0002906293,0.0004875842,0.008086559],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005065967,0.0001257234,0.0001810649,0.001318046,0.003933946,0.002157557,0.004759609,0.001555946,0.000427788],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003787532,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003575735,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009193264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0206173,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966807,0.001218797,0.0002030486,0.0003965913,0.0006616471,0.0008391734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9932366,0.001197721,0.002497531,0.0008774857,0.0008745121,0.001316237],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000169651,0.0001427975,0.2106992,0.0002115929,0.00006599267,0.002377318,0.09959696,0.001264592,0.001973008,0.5853518,0.007050129,0.09109695],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005811874,0.000301968,0.5104476,0.000322794,0.00004240351,0.0008357059,0.07204276,0.003114907,0.002954631,0.1325507,0.2772176,0.0001109636],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8410023,0.0004077557,0.001119878,0.004611867,0.00006509169,0.00003290856,0.0001257193,0.00003145954,0.1526031],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965943,0.00004881404,0.00008661069,0.0001737277,0.000005668971,0.000003918753,0.00001781618,0.000002824883,0.003066351],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009193264,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0274806,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05574107268444214,"score_gpt":0.3559733621640632,"score_spread":0.300232289479621,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}