{"id":"W4312193547","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2022.100061","title":"Tobacco-Free Oral Nicotine Product Use Among Youth in the U.S., 2019–2021","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AJPM Focus","topic":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","field":"Medicine","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Health Canada; U.S. Food and Drug Administration; Public Health Agency; National Cancer Institute; Public Health Agency of Canada; National Institutes of Health; Pfizer","keywords":"Smokeless tobacco; Nicotine; Tobacco product; Medicine; Chewing tobacco; Environmental health; Tobacco control; Tobacco use; Public health; Population; Psychiatry; Cancer; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000518189,0.0001066725,0.0001541894,0.00009453727,0.0001234064,0.00003548903,0.0002291701,0.0000303561,0.0005017031],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001669638,0.00007821291,0.00006150634,0.0004289809,0.00004076739,0.0001231451,0.0001240688,0.0003791801,0.000007287206],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008752675,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000518451,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003799487,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003581562,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988218,0.0001312228,0.0001899825,0.0002460039,0.0003996732,0.000211337],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991249,0.00004131285,0.00006200599,0.0006977471,0.00003746784,0.00003650724],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006065816,0.0002017345,0.9806076,0.000002998288,0.000008895503,0.00004577266,0.00200616,0.00001332368,0.0001572706,0.00008633777,0.007109126,0.009700149],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001264059,0.0001431098,0.9934888,0.00001396919,0.0001278537,0.00002443894,0.001673306,0.000005590847,0.001044077,0.00008076469,0.002029343,0.0001047142],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961896,0.0001326156,0.000003830001,0.002079292,0.0003502481,0.0004077506,0.00003678189,0.00003379526,0.0007660672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99832,0.000009221658,0.00002991931,0.0002385312,0.0002040534,0.0000559338,0.0001272775,0.00001882903,0.0009962749],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0128812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5743713,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03926105626163683,"score_gpt":0.2751000263000818,"score_spread":0.235838970038445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}