{"id":"W4312221891","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2022.12.038","title":"Evaluation of a ZnCl2-modified biochar derived from activated sludge biomass for adsorption of sulfamethoxazole","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":77,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Global Institute for Water Security; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biochar; Adsorption; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Specific surface area; Point of zero charge; Pyrolysis; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; BET theory; Nuclear chemistry; Aqueous solution; Chemistry; Scanning electron microscope; Activated carbon; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Composite material","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002360482,0.0005129207,0.0004831163,0.0003060613,0.0003378662,0.0005020691,0.0004567857,0.0006360727,0.000466978],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003588377,0.0002629995,0.0004555751,0.0002639526,0.0002096085,0.0002537598,0.0002790289,0.0003215046,0.0001939565],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003660033,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003416357,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003014396,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006195864,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996575,0.00005618302,0.00002936771,0.00005070439,0.0001452356,0.00006106192],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998541,0.00002568895,0.00002084985,0.00001107854,0.00006463871,0.00002364547],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001797153,0.00003687584,0.000209273,0.0000477901,0.00001093787,0.00003383559,0.000008152557,0.0001790654,0.9983301,0.00001029123,0.00001318558,0.0009408317],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001502443,0.0003060076,0.001954629,0.000003219852,0.0000256449,0.00004132072,0.00003363755,0.001644191,0.9955927,0.000007762727,0.0003681624,0.000007705688],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976779,0.00035252,0.001289711,0.00003376554,0.00003249808,0.00002175796,0.0001184467,0.0000265186,0.000446919],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971004,0.0003299221,0.001632472,0.00002263737,0.000007843532,0.00001333754,0.0001680269,0.000009841419,0.0007154499],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003014396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005993664,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05005135135959142,"score_gpt":0.2928468393520789,"score_spread":0.2427954879924875,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}