{"id":"W4312653795","doi":"10.1109/mcom.001.2200215","title":"Machine Learning for Detecting the WestRock Ransomware Attack Using BGP Routing Records","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Communications Magazine","topic":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Border Gateway Protocol; Computer science; Default-free zone; Ransomware; Routing protocol; Anomaly detection; Computer network; The Internet; Routing (electronic design automation); Network mapping; Static routing; Distributed computing; Artificial intelligence; Computer security; Malware; World Wide Web","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002138806,0.0009094307,0.0006812279,0.001837864,0.0004265046,0.0009189975,0.0009736815,0.0010681,0.0006700261],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004881431,0.0003253545,0.0004938836,0.001158638,0.0003026783,0.001328678,0.0005140614,0.001374053,0.000517182],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009462026,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001020611,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009382759,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008159316,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993287,0.0001886074,0.00004995987,0.0001586446,0.0001732334,0.0001009237],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980071,0.001053325,0.0002208212,0.0002190994,0.000423354,0.00007633595],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003151313,0.0008322521,0.04135213,0.00008323247,0.0001401854,0.0001152241,0.00006587101,0.6132101,0.003273227,0.001999584,0.005662721,0.3329503],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003585905,0.00003394398,0.00140173,0.000004501535,0.000005934472,0.000008683575,0.000007568447,0.997075,0.0007245107,0.0005742033,0.0001567351,0.000003621997],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6304247,0.001040415,0.3579499,0.001225979,0.0001586189,0.0002184137,0.001365588,0.004106694,0.003509677],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9351246,0.0002585914,0.06156444,0.0001009777,0.00004175033,0.00006172712,0.001690681,0.00003318646,0.001123959],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009382759,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01865625,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06253151396230211,"score_gpt":0.3031906468244127,"score_spread":0.2406591328621105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}