{"id":"W4312657319","doi":"10.1515/glochi-2022-0002","title":"Mother tongue to heritage language metamorphosis: the case of Mandarin Chinese in Canada","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Global Chinese","topic":"Multilingual Education and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Mandarin Chinese; Heritage language; First language; Psychology; Age groups; Multilingualism; Language proficiency; Demography; Linguistics; Developmental psychology; Sociology; Mathematics education; Pedagogy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004502274,0.00009404408,0.0001441049,0.00003287909,0.000265316,0.00002000788,0.0003340054,0.00001605764,0.001681047],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003306749,0.00006519222,0.0000442844,0.0009444032,0.00004156049,0.00003732754,0.0001081377,0.000107056,0.000005990959],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005659093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001191366,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9979237,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9987991,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998961,0.0002539856,0.0001791298,0.0001382211,0.0002490951,0.0002185928],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999516,0.00006604072,0.00005538119,0.0002175439,0.00002830942,0.0001167106],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001329482,0.0003472385,0.585154,0.00003806175,0.0000650011,0.001364362,0.3591104,0.002200212,0.0001736094,0.01228471,0.01343978,0.02568976],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001322236,0.00007285552,0.561462,0.00001566244,0.0000292391,0.0002374426,0.3025722,0.0004710096,0.00002911869,0.001761025,0.131336,0.0006911973],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9620427,0.0002544121,7.446445e-7,0.003318095,0.0004364008,0.0002397526,0.0002291569,0.00001260508,0.03346617],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965172,0.000002431374,0.00003558255,0.00223568,0.0001173298,0.00003941716,0.000004130442,0.000005669477,0.001042554],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1178962,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992316,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01370062049101685,"score_gpt":0.3903315622108232,"score_spread":0.3766309417198063,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}