{"id":"W4313360133","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-21112-6_3","title":"Preliminary Concepts","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Computer science foundations and applied logic","topic":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Simple (philosophy); Computer science; Mathematical practice; Mathematics; Calculus (dental); Epistemology; Cognitive science; Mathematics education; Psychology; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00130683,0.001275643,0.0009497083,0.002222114,0.002993972,0.005638058,0.001921472,0.001572238,0.1617828],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004776897,0.0005736062,0.001301938,0.002101209,0.003131129,0.008052396,0.002894559,0.005143912,0.07117432],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001864411,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001608394,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001692096,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001536409,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988704,0.0002058114,0.0000688374,0.0004146669,0.0003125659,0.0001276595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998476,0.0003944733,0.00007163207,0.0003528142,0.0005560544,0.0001489934],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002303998,0.0000246725,0.00007489869,0.0001268601,0.000007625064,0.00003945126,0.0002185018,0.0001053563,0.0003232064,0.9112559,0.06244097,0.02535952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009977803,0.00001439286,0.0001418638,0.00005593942,0.000009671225,0.0001328056,0.00009858366,0.0002335455,0.00027589,0.5949506,0.4040678,0.000008992728],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.002959848,0.006242757,0.09740223,0.007754484,0.00381954,0.0001816901,0.0025834,0.0008470411,0.8782091],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1115187,0.01073197,0.08553576,0.007262676,0.006270629,0.0009040696,0.009024992,0.001408685,0.7673425],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1617828,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5412173,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03956036983622263,"score_gpt":0.2783497972655325,"score_spread":0.2387894274293099,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}