{"id":"W4313413877","doi":"10.3390/fluids8010010","title":"Wall-Modeled and Hybrid Large-Eddy Simulations of the Flow over Roughness Strips","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations; Detached eddy simulation; Drag; Large eddy simulation; Turbulence; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Reynolds number; Meteorology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009666441,0.00009376885,0.0001140721,0.00004018129,0.0001718704,0.00001400282,0.0001434266,0.00001983686,0.0003052611],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001051656,0.00008075953,0.00005297412,0.0001493531,0.00001421609,0.00005535855,0.00012988,0.000167436,0.000001779936],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004183193,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001365005,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001448061,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001182522,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993775,0.00002948688,0.0001542515,0.0001080008,0.0001759233,0.0001547798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996557,0.00003889317,0.00001248166,0.0002462859,0.0000173601,0.00002925936],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003969481,0.00002752684,0.001180056,0.00001848104,0.00002814532,0.000001358615,0.0001567418,0.9932275,0.001926568,0.001652724,0.001596959,0.0001799756],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004033095,0.00001362891,0.002693375,0.000004593071,0.00001647588,0.000002757596,0.000009382351,0.9878367,0.0001752879,0.0002750414,0.00847493,0.00009456165],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939173,0.0004041631,0.004186634,0.00005608073,0.0004224505,0.0001521075,0.0003742681,0.00006521442,0.0004217247],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993185,0.00001640151,0.0001862168,0.00004812632,0.00003119589,0.00001353265,0.00004032549,0.00002382686,0.0003218253],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006877971,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3342394,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005775069844703084,"score_gpt":0.1950324634639864,"score_spread":0.1892573936192833,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}