{"id":"W4313445742","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-12692-5_19","title":"Ethics of Expanded Access During the COVID-19 Pandemic","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Philosophy and medicine","topic":"Ethics in medical practice","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; KWF Kankerbestrijding; ZonMw; Stem Cell Network","keywords":"Pandemic; Obligation; Compassionate Use; Health care; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Prima facie; Medicine; Moral obligation; Public relations; Nursing; Expanded access; Family medicine; Business; Political science; Clinical trial; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009625298,0.0002121801,0.0003646886,0.0004298681,0.005855288,0.007732911,0.0009667962,0.01199626,0.007413484],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01605142,0.0002763078,0.0003189256,0.0004723283,0.02473759,0.00809522,0.007674098,0.01213227,0.0007168415],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.008723795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01176498,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01326339,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01850359,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9911963,0.004906154,0.000152168,0.0004986098,0.001293779,0.001952993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9943052,0.003801139,0.0001986145,0.0004107699,0.0004948782,0.0007893558],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001306079,0.00001069128,0.00009160107,0.000008369467,0.000001195803,0.000117722,0.00585094,0.00009910145,0.000073823,0.9818838,0.008399652,0.003450084],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000278042,0.00003262149,0.0009554622,0.0003272774,0.000003615813,0.0003072901,0.008101973,0.0004759687,0.0001556344,0.6921215,0.2974684,0.00002246278],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.02530732,0.003609736,0.004703062,0.12718,0.001013027,0.00007072583,0.00004567892,0.00001888968,0.8380515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7761382,0.001864651,0.001838633,0.03726077,0.001386538,0.0002227059,0.00002968763,0.00007090323,0.1811879],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9880037,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06329584,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.5400666594185403,"score_gpt":0.5738402323034707,"score_spread":0.03377357288493044,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}