{"id":"W4313459314","doi":"10.1162/tacl_a_00524","title":"The Emergence of Argument Structure in Artificial Languages","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","topic":"Language and cultural evolution","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Mila - Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Word order; Transitive relation; Predicate (mathematical logic); Natural language processing; Contrast (vision); Artificial intelligence; Argument (complex analysis); Sentence; Natural language; Relation (database); Object (grammar); Verb; Mathematics; Programming language","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002984737,0.0002593906,0.0005622936,0.001344941,0.0008277565,0.002695756,0.0006119349,0.0009699428,0.002063726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02654661,0.0005428841,0.0005022924,0.0009241175,0.004185729,0.004273042,0.002344498,0.001451628,0.0001822482],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001274572,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004747305,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005208153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004719925,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964063,0.002167649,0.0001970197,0.0004400001,0.0006176312,0.0001713691],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9662848,0.02448543,0.003901284,0.002612093,0.001794997,0.000921459],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001024553,0.0004547041,0.06496318,0.0006978383,0.0002465708,0.002427265,0.01321663,0.08834636,0.1220248,0.635683,0.002039217,0.06887592],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001241998,0.0004433143,0.03930751,0.0000859986,0.00006962167,0.0010682,0.002406183,0.3526511,0.02540421,0.5718907,0.006442546,0.0001063887],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8894517,0.0001551011,0.1032481,0.00075732,0.00001941103,0.00004348811,0.0001523338,0.0004257832,0.005746733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9854184,0.00002603599,0.0140605,0.00003203074,0.000009695964,0.00003047494,0.00008185134,0.00005373038,0.0002871615],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002984737,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01578498,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0125030818935014,"score_gpt":0.2988419155317233,"score_spread":0.2863388336382219,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}