{"id":"W4313477867","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxac060","title":"Life-Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Forest Bioenergy Production at Combined Heat and Power Projects in Nova Scotia, Canada","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Science","topic":"Forest Biomass Utilization and Management","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"","keywords":"Additionality; Greenhouse gas; Bioenergy; Environmental science; Renewable energy; Biomass (ecology); Life-cycle assessment; Raw material; Biofuel; Carbon offset; Agroforestry; Waste management; Production (economics); Agronomy; Engineering; Economics; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001541813,0.0001376422,0.0001155659,0.0002879012,0.0001470921,0.00005476037,0.0002136773,0.00003484215,0.00004042613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001876789,0.0001291041,0.00001367352,0.001606236,0.0001756152,0.0002361752,0.0001840886,0.00005970779,0.00002869615],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002281205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002039817,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2055173,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9496936,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987056,0.000009761447,0.0001850397,0.0003596797,0.0003525282,0.0003874517],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994106,0.00001900298,0.00001949727,0.0002842317,0.00003258163,0.0002340611],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002703013,0.00005756375,0.3539274,0.00006972719,0.00001483131,0.00004834338,0.0005893878,0.5925434,0.005734658,0.003755276,0.0429256,0.0003067204],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006078053,0.00006885478,0.6183209,0.0001168702,0.000007553536,0.00000385978,0.0002925281,0.3735099,0.002490934,0.0006382925,0.003558639,0.0003837721],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970487,0.00006331025,0.0001194119,0.0007293246,0.0009920642,0.0002780451,0.00001147761,0.0002384339,0.0005191868],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993598,0.00002855603,0.0000870338,0.00008638375,0.00002672128,0.00001381103,0.00003345767,0.00002030078,0.0003438701],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7441763,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7997732,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01201757288491695,"score_gpt":0.2101239927278739,"score_spread":0.1981064198429569,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}