{"id":"W4313479452","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2022.118440","title":"Effects of air discharge on bubble dynamics in vertically discharged bubble plumes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Nozzle; Turbulence; Mechanics; Aeration; Materials science; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001288149,0.0002412811,0.0003620842,0.0002160578,0.0004280195,0.0006963836,0.0002348589,0.0004513971,0.001428283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001008131,0.0001751632,0.0002976776,0.0001376801,0.0005413934,0.0005431238,0.0006479498,0.0006786382,0.0001452044],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004699552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002674945,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003675274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001648459,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998794,0.00001352763,0.000005497096,0.0000164662,0.00003160119,0.00005359369],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995553,0.0002476496,0.00003400708,0.00001464972,0.00006266089,0.00008581318],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001778847,0.0001549643,0.004312174,0.00007970302,0.00003036479,0.0008339473,0.0002228411,0.01727019,0.9684714,0.0007240228,0.0002490137,0.00587244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002426465,0.001018404,0.02320555,0.00002322666,0.0000434452,0.0003234023,0.0005560691,0.3077707,0.665081,0.0008032444,0.0008539465,0.00007837226],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983012,0.0001235783,0.0008243571,0.00007520602,0.00001978153,0.000004242748,0.00004238092,0.00003207885,0.000577237],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993778,0.00005447723,0.0001698999,0.00001630916,0.000006339494,0.00000184091,0.00004293746,0.00001388055,0.0003163676],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003675274,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007307768,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00272104269642904,"score_gpt":0.1867941073735674,"score_spread":0.1840730646771384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}