{"id":"W4313505981","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-17425-4_96","title":"The Role of Cold Bonding in Sustainable Steelmaking","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Iron and Steelmaking Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Hatch (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Steelmaking; Blast furnace; Basic oxygen steelmaking; Waste management; Steel mill; Environmental science; Engineering; Metallurgy; Materials science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"},{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"}],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000273604,0.0007543241,0.0004485841,0.0007262834,0.001711531,0.002699644,0.000859595,0.001448879,0.02543913],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002779991,0.000350792,0.0002909492,0.0009307523,0.001685551,0.002460312,0.001067288,0.002379644,0.006763803],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001599758,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001104871,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002724761,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01011579,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998233,0.0000359429,0.000003424053,0.00002491278,0.00009176783,0.00002068447],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999238,0.00003732139,0.000003690142,0.000008922112,0.00001963982,0.000006579914],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001576994,0.00003954292,0.00002774466,0.0002480053,0.00000460123,0.00008569575,0.0005246495,0.00116588,0.002841486,0.8253079,0.06188118,0.1078575],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001663323,0.00001602533,0.0001128476,0.0001749298,0.000002993228,0.0001132849,0.000283176,0.0006972525,0.001657981,0.1207422,0.8761883,0.000009457796],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.001574226,0.02671711,0.009998745,0.001164361,0.001191599,0.0000232665,0.00002770308,0.00008455446,0.9592184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01406147,0.01411941,0.004693325,0.0005050662,0.000238319,0.00003464623,0.00003503551,0.0001145932,0.9661981],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02543913,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08510232,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00925653154803333,"score_gpt":0.2042007318318127,"score_spread":0.1949442002837793,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}