{"id":"W4313910122","doi":"10.1007/s10767-022-09440-z","title":"What Is Informal Participation?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Politics Culture and Society","topic":"Urban Planning and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Operationalization; Phenomenon; Politics; Sociology; Public relations; Social movement; Resistance (ecology); Urban studies; Political science; Social science; Epistemology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005772486,0.0002816724,0.0004383248,0.001938354,0.003749342,0.01076336,0.001013681,0.002593572,0.01906711],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02373396,0.0002247213,0.0003332492,0.002278674,0.01339372,0.01175502,0.005309296,0.002015312,0.001389803],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001668049,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002897986,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002717374,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002599838,"domain_scores_codex":[0.992661,0.004117081,0.0002326449,0.0005862779,0.00109974,0.001303301],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9774819,0.01245235,0.002254947,0.001592123,0.001879936,0.004338728],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001623083,0.0002511955,0.04069408,0.0003630523,0.0000514816,0.000362367,0.08197184,0.0002450343,0.0004923982,0.7263879,0.01317061,0.1358477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004314773,0.00008499141,0.03106034,0.0008977939,0.00003478865,0.0004292465,0.1598769,0.0005330369,0.0003485066,0.6628836,0.1437645,0.00004311261],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3107547,0.005214917,0.008588913,0.1054505,0.0009531198,0.00008738727,0.0002711327,0.00007034541,0.5686091],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919504,0.000733227,0.0003086024,0.001197522,0.0002979291,0.00004527295,0.00004732819,0.00002185581,0.005397966],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01906711,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06378585,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02479225876464317,"score_gpt":0.3562401502034841,"score_spread":0.3314478914388409,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}