{"id":"W4315652704","doi":"10.1007/s11145-022-10366-3","title":"Word reading by sequential trilingual: the relative strength of lexical and sub-lexical processing in Arabic and English orthographies","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Reading and Writing","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Linguistics; Pseudoword; Reading (process); Orthography; Phonological awareness; Vocabulary; Psychology; Psycholinguistics; Arabic; Computer science; Natural language processing; Cognition","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001244893,0.0001879659,0.0003244485,0.0003046882,0.0002774155,0.0001185657,0.00007218723,0.000141409,0.000003921522],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003095437,0.0001498564,0.00003783709,0.0006579215,0.000294115,0.0001707846,0.00007538845,0.0004099942,9.726022e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001577725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002164842,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008033573,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008732673,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983147,0.0001946107,0.0004901477,0.0004363431,0.0001601206,0.0004040489],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988571,0.0007406753,0.0001475801,0.0001120182,0.00005206906,0.00009052908],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002350317,0.00009280279,0.505023,0.0003518136,0.00012341,0.00009597748,0.1082552,0.000003818592,0.003326158,0.0164291,0.0005773688,0.3654863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006556668,0.0005600001,0.8363312,0.007578014,0.0003009608,0.0004385263,0.1193883,0.004961627,0.004051589,0.009281072,0.008402309,0.002149776],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952442,0.002022694,0.00004456124,0.00017096,0.0001157887,0.0001418521,0.000009318869,0.0001009026,0.002149725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987299,0.0004978566,0.0002837557,0.0000314036,0.0001223041,0.00002070084,0.00001787815,0.00002393549,0.0002722921],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3633365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6110966,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02331276699993992,"score_gpt":0.3190551499123759,"score_spread":0.295742382912436,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}