{"id":"W4316506460","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4320577","title":"Franchise Value, Intangibles, and Tobin's Q","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Franchising Strategies and Performance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Tobin's q; Franchise; Value (mathematics); Business; Economics; Econometrics; Financial economics; Monetary economics; Business administration; Mathematics; Statistics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009020484,0.0001371324,0.000135316,0.0002449248,0.0003909886,0.0003184169,0.0001782825,0.00005082843,0.00005072965],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002263412,0.0001169555,0.00005839233,0.000544815,0.00003921233,0.0008383678,0.00006577621,0.0007871902,0.0003169907],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000786141,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001777542,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002798654,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004156848,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980503,0.000005868497,0.0001772748,0.0001567366,0.0001815931,0.001428192],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997119,0.00001515818,0.0001040359,0.0001104441,0.00004498849,0.00001352225],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006496401,0.00002842638,0.0365035,0.00008820573,0.00008977557,0.00001675862,0.00005556912,0.0003463321,0.0001822918,0.8942531,0.008384289,0.05998681],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001431537,0.00009526304,0.05109024,0.0001028404,0.00006995419,0.0001809327,0.001705,0.007005327,0.00001134835,0.7493822,0.1883766,0.0005487432],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9853936,0.00243866,0.0003382073,0.001696191,0.0006127006,0.00007872898,6.406894e-7,0.0001611603,0.009280111],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928134,0.003276508,0.00001989487,0.0005297435,0.001895717,0.000003032077,0.000006666296,0.00002580581,0.001429229],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1799923,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4769307,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006927698258778756,"score_gpt":0.2049942402460808,"score_spread":0.198066541987302,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}