{"id":"W4317394386","doi":"10.3390/sym15020259","title":"Constraining Coupling Constants’ Variation with Supernovae, Quasars, and GRBs","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Symmetry","topic":"Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Quasar; Cosmic distance ladder; Physics; Astrophysics; Supernova; Redshift; Luminosity; Gamma-ray burst; Cosmology; Light curve; Astronomy; Galaxy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002351227,0.0001471828,0.0001859699,0.0001084104,0.0001634623,0.00008684608,0.00007039415,0.00004070896,0.000186765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000664378,0.0001248265,0.00003177497,0.0003901418,0.0001016614,0.000131633,0.00003827809,0.000148157,0.00005734432],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001006753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006708752,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001807436,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004432848,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991023,0.00001199748,0.0001713646,0.000257618,0.00016247,0.0002942304],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995705,0.0001059283,0.00004555926,0.0001445036,0.00005278807,0.00008074438],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000961897,0.00002435867,0.9684513,0.00001418049,0.00008519379,0.000009814747,0.0005250989,0.00002634267,0.001082278,0.0167079,0.0002064822,0.01285749],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00307365,0.0002368489,0.9635519,0.0002018408,0.0001216601,0.00002030824,0.01466799,0.00721806,0.001306082,0.002066451,0.006596756,0.0009384404],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9813475,0.00003431448,0.003577189,0.0001525102,0.0001206581,0.0001194597,0.00004934879,0.00009686018,0.01450215],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987513,0.000007932498,0.0006899484,0.00003378686,0.0001623338,0.000008889087,0.00006037252,0.0000235264,0.0002619339],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01740377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5090278,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01568297031313148,"score_gpt":0.2386886463319695,"score_spread":0.2230056760188381,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}