{"id":"W4317498940","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-821975-1.00006-7","title":"Charging techniques and measurements","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Aerosol Filtration and Electrostatic Precipitation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Charge (physics); Electrostatic discharge; Aerospace engineering; Order (exchange); Electrical engineering; Engineering physics; Computer science; Physics; Environmental science; Engineering; Voltage; Quantum mechanics; Business","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001464506,0.0002242648,0.0002081221,0.0001074953,0.00005480116,0.0000406834,0.00006801256,0.0001589071,0.00003329726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006225177,0.0002415682,0.00004442324,0.000008958091,0.00002802606,0.00004019102,0.00001958485,0.0002217339,0.0001215036],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005925502,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001517796,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.190859e-8,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006453429,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992355,0.000005966711,0.000225268,0.0001709851,0.0001955685,0.000166761],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996902,0.00002076209,0.00004426222,0.000150983,0.00003661971,0.00005722022],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001548561,4.635998e-7,0.000001295638,0.00009307098,0.00005172254,0.000004836985,0.0002074525,0.000001911364,0.0008932465,0.002079562,0.0003752843,0.9962896],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001854314,0.00004452986,0.00001188312,0.0005691351,0.00007139543,0.00001631906,0.000007286535,0.0002344066,0.004369318,0.01419673,0.9797094,0.0005841606],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000203554,0.0003632659,0.00007267025,0.00002039041,0.0002001132,0.0002943419,0.00001117452,0.0008629986,0.9981547],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0009630508,0.0003659251,0.0006658484,0.00005664199,0.0001637014,0.00005073176,0.00004061508,0.0001325817,0.9975609],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9957054,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9850864,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02905355070140878,"score_gpt":0.2347482878553876,"score_spread":0.2056947371539788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}