{"id":"W4317498940","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-821975-1.00006-7","title":"Charging techniques and measurements","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Aerosol Filtration and Electrostatic Precipitation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Charge (physics); Electrostatic discharge; Aerospace engineering; Order (exchange); Electrical engineering; Engineering physics; Computer science; Physics; Environmental science; Engineering; Voltage; Quantum mechanics; Business","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006092954,0.001024271,0.0007563575,0.001858516,0.0007668933,0.001750654,0.001297891,0.001379808,0.03193818],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001062586,0.0006569833,0.0004027671,0.002611889,0.0004877462,0.001789962,0.001282704,0.001161165,0.02523877],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007127326,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005533081,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001297988,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001693396,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998673,0.00007448251,0.00005347356,0.0001586522,0.0009925968,0.00004777584],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995424,0.00008666088,0.00001630964,0.0001343728,0.0002054561,0.00001488811],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001226574,0.00009250401,0.0006963262,0.0006360959,0.000021782,0.0001323902,0.0002830552,0.00104165,0.1304286,0.01457329,0.07188699,0.7800847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001583337,0.0001363523,0.00439711,0.0001938128,0.00003654894,0.00128309,0.0001874926,0.005083228,0.1599357,0.00727948,0.8213733,0.0000781078],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.02120977,0.02996599,0.3683866,0.00136318,0.003111316,0.0006190908,0.005064039,0.009125112,0.5611548],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.09103298,0.0150617,0.1057103,0.0007455966,0.0004508144,0.0004785097,0.00499749,0.001904313,0.7796183],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03193818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1068438,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02905355070140878,"score_gpt":0.2347482878553876,"score_spread":0.2056947371539788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}