{"id":"W4318240316","doi":"10.25130/tjas.19.3.12","title":"Comparison of The Change in Total Agricultural Productivity Between the Groups of Developing and Developed Countries Using the Malmquist Method for The Period (1990-2017)","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Tikrit Journal for Agricultural Sciences","topic":"Global Trade and Competitiveness","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Productivity; Developing country; Agriculture; Period (music); Agricultural economics; Agricultural productivity; Malmquist index; Economics; Total factor productivity; Geography; Economic growth; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001548965,0.0001561468,0.0002841437,0.00003297171,0.001334127,0.0003853123,0.0006937566,0.00003715467,0.000004656301],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001153434,0.00004709731,0.0001160214,0.0006943897,0.0003295829,0.0008524111,0.000198571,0.0001566747,5.762796e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000365855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004186536,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004174978,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003114251,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987307,0.00005858678,0.0003554123,0.0001847119,0.0003834336,0.0002871357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986734,0.0003634947,0.0005321229,0.00008892648,0.0003334055,0.000008614316],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007360131,0.00005028421,0.9313344,0.000344227,0.0001074463,2.683888e-7,0.003361637,0.0006317541,0.004341612,0.05548399,0.0001675157,0.004103246],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002430148,0.0000281689,0.9842206,0.0001631682,0.00007392022,0.00003569366,0.01012513,0.0006740686,0.0007284612,0.0005488956,0.003028201,0.0001307312],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9862779,0.0005578222,0.0002046317,0.01120911,0.000557619,0.001067778,0.000008735214,0.000005181367,0.0001111648],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998675,0.00001180728,0.0005001451,0.00009341403,0.0006582606,0.00002664128,0.000001762717,0.000003126014,0.0000298028],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05493509,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999966,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.10439342693734,"score_gpt":0.3420195348742327,"score_spread":0.2376261079368927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}