{"id":"W4318259924","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-323-90957-0.00002-3","title":"Fundamentals of optical devices","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Optical Network Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Ciena (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Optical amplifier; Optoelectronics; Optical fiber; Materials science; Optical communication; Optics; Photonics; Laser; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001038682,0.0003493312,0.0005721522,0.0001614097,0.00002238178,0.00002373525,0.0003601606,0.0005203164,0.0001132382],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001910072,0.0003391268,0.0001818467,0.00002120897,0.0002422639,0.00002611045,0.0002006897,0.000493115,0.000646431],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006133912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001466877,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":5.023205e-8,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008182757,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987245,0.000003353978,0.00045524,0.0002434119,0.0002673715,0.0003061494],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992145,0.000135298,0.00006294763,0.0004796,0.00003802106,0.00006961782],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002047876,0.000001948658,0.000004113597,0.0002784862,0.0001616608,0.00002478345,0.00001371678,0.00005781289,0.00006228457,0.07433275,0.000267636,0.9247928],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001488463,0.0000808016,0.00004139569,0.001015899,0.0001508618,0.000007844636,0.00001572964,0.0003248163,0.0008797524,0.03505236,0.9616368,0.0006449223],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002906505,0.001012464,0.000006770527,0.00002280027,0.0004301099,0.0002639402,0.00003053829,0.001363998,0.9965788],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.007558694,0.0003615853,0.002998424,0.00002774731,0.0001655561,0.00002636753,0.00001456484,0.0002238257,0.9886233],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9613692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999061,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01926905776065938,"score_gpt":0.2277264570002057,"score_spread":0.2084573992395463,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}