{"id":"W4318713421","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2023.102373","title":"Price discrimination through hidden city options? A data-driven study on the extent and evolution of skiplaggability in the global aviation system","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Air Transport Management","topic":"Aviation Industry Analysis and Trends","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Profitability index; Ticket; Exploit; Revenue; Business; Aviation; Popularity; Profit (economics); Competition (biology); Industrial organization; Economics; Finance; Computer science; Computer security; Engineering; Microeconomics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002450172,0.00008333239,0.0002298925,0.0001518974,0.0001020883,0.0000214248,0.000333654,0.00003295742,0.00001362552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002075744,0.00005655842,0.00007679033,0.0007193168,0.00002806721,0.0003337106,0.00003204788,0.0001218678,0.000005470045],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002254601,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000105922,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001448157,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001015107,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998634,0.00007539869,0.0008332564,0.0001895771,0.0001726152,0.00009514258],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988458,0.00004662575,0.000679278,0.0003625234,0.00004912104,0.00001666657],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003273788,0.0004802443,0.6948776,0.00006008662,0.0001808249,0.00001179232,0.001475456,0.003438673,1.634052e-7,0.2989995,0.0001448146,0.0002980591],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004131752,0.000106257,0.9813954,0.00004090407,0.00009129007,0.000001807941,0.009946248,0.002431795,2.694523e-7,0.005238149,0.0002838846,0.00005084261],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9830238,0.0001093963,0.01084101,0.003219087,0.0001176047,0.0003857316,0.0001214725,0.000007939985,0.002173989],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996929,0.00007932862,0.00008801861,0.00002536414,0.00003449902,0.00001425436,0.00003002453,0.00000316569,0.00003247548],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2937613,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2306385,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08420078423021128,"score_gpt":0.2855684928066252,"score_spread":0.2013677085764139,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}