{"id":"W4319079462","doi":"10.1108/jpbafm-04-2022-0070","title":"Participatory budgeting in francophone Africa: a comparative perspective between Benin and Niger","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Public Budgeting Accounting & Financial Management","topic":"French Urban and Social Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Local government; Participatory budgeting; Context (archaeology); Citizen journalism; French; Political science; Local language; Economic growth; Public administration; Sociology; Economics; Geography; Democracy; Politics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003669964,0.000384147,0.0003114562,0.00148311,0.007134286,0.003220645,0.0004691316,0.0008736044,0.004070366],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002752058,0.000248497,0.00009720268,0.002421759,0.004281555,0.002385326,0.002244129,0.0006891405,0.0001299386],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.008512912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00627922,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04839227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.124235,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968233,0.002252295,0.00008009523,0.0001391971,0.000105358,0.0005996682],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966966,0.002191948,0.0003785377,0.00009223667,0.0002298155,0.0004109405],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004036386,0.0002810345,0.0738868,0.001692749,0.00003488439,0.01353757,0.7729911,0.0005077709,0.003026147,0.06124338,0.001704965,0.07069002],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001126559,0.0001127723,0.04279977,0.001120896,0.00001343302,0.001073822,0.9155201,0.0001182101,0.0003773487,0.001126184,0.03770724,0.00001886898],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9638919,0.005235131,0.0004712119,0.002001332,0.00003663457,0.00006903749,0.0000328784,0.000003637432,0.02825832],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968347,0.001487097,0.0002909428,0.0001400008,0.000003114696,0.00002596074,0.00001005948,0.000001816318,0.001206419],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04839227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09622121,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1034623336777925,"score_gpt":0.3196253779020717,"score_spread":0.2161630442242792,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}