{"id":"W4319457363","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-443-18862-6.00007-0","title":"Electrochemical modeling of batteries","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Battery (electricity); Electrochemistry; Electrolyte; Electrochemical cell; Electrode; Work (physics); Electrochemical energy conversion; Materials science; Energy storage; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Power (physics); Physics; Physical chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001332493,0.0007364433,0.0008571698,0.0004217409,0.0003079042,0.001297349,0.00131591,0.001242382,0.01288895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004077978,0.0004061816,0.0007006717,0.0008448231,0.0003052552,0.001227921,0.0006097311,0.001093184,0.007451108],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005441974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005477016,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002623903,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001849735,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998732,0.00001668031,0.000005682098,0.00002359627,0.00007177454,0.000009045335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999312,0.00001761232,0.000002617665,0.00001350852,0.00003071804,0.000004304796],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007041779,0.0001233478,0.0004837591,0.0008456879,0.00006334837,0.0002554444,0.000175071,0.2968818,0.02396784,0.287607,0.08411175,0.3054145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001475784,0.0000478438,0.0006155588,0.0001705527,0.00002314639,0.0002643435,0.00006546911,0.4319329,0.008959278,0.1686081,0.3892674,0.00003072733],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.01035384,0.04078956,0.4619525,0.003518024,0.0021551,0.000128254,0.002337143,0.00194709,0.4768186],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1431882,0.03453589,0.06777563,0.0007483298,0.0007027579,0.0002813818,0.002911584,0.0006023399,0.749254],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01288895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04311782,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02323427964397775,"score_gpt":0.2516675706698701,"score_spread":0.2284332910258924,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}