{"id":"W4319778200","doi":"10.1109/access.2023.3243800","title":"A Review on Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Storage Systems for Large-Scale Power Systems Application","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"IEEE Access","topic":"Advanced battery technologies research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":101,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"University of Calgary","keywords":"Energy storage; Computer science; Renewable energy; Process engineering; Scalability; Electric power system; Reliability engineering; Electrical engineering; Power (physics); Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007533206,0.0007235623,0.002336554,0.0005846515,0.0001228221,0.0002556514,0.002135766,0.0006437743,0.00001157891],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001367636,0.0006339226,0.0003986972,0.001203684,0.0000325675,0.0003011933,0.0002032402,0.0008933635,0.0006682627],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000838855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007773902,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001433223,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009641551,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996505,0.0001206424,0.001110055,0.0008599582,0.0004652065,0.0009391673],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969449,0.0005343736,0.0003162775,0.001912375,0.0001511744,0.0001408941],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003418011,0.00003534699,3.780876e-7,0.6111453,0.0003068866,0.00002972136,0.000008256343,0.02474155,0.000001820453,0.00004929778,0.2436771,0.1200009],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001001026,0.00003104985,1.418778e-7,0.08076772,0.00016305,0.00001820404,0.000009616719,0.01676019,0.000001764848,0.00001047401,0.9015877,0.0005499723],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[4.640634e-7,0.8402632,0.147361,0.000025767,0.002631606,0.006836957,0.0009694705,0.001684365,0.0002272137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0000150815,0.9832078,0.00007210394,0.00005537335,0.0003172206,0.01483537,0.0004151864,0.000408349,0.0006735173],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6579106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996112,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06764354521576582,"score_gpt":0.3768328559990234,"score_spread":0.3091893107832576,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}