{"id":"W4320015997","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4321988","title":"Debt Dynamics with Fixed Issuance Costs","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Economic theories and models","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Debt; Business; Monetary economics; Economics; Financial system; Finance; Financial economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00211256,0.0007358663,0.002256679,0.001492536,0.001156364,0.005329442,0.002228938,0.005028545,0.01993014],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01514514,0.001386772,0.001134661,0.001796935,0.002106515,0.007234805,0.001714957,0.004856495,0.001734267],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002296336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001254609,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009013223,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005109059,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994076,0.0001520194,0.00004322758,0.0001322834,0.00008133513,0.0001834491],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9917664,0.004279419,0.002169455,0.0004891151,0.0005089092,0.0007866982],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004527698,0.0002777192,0.008076918,0.0002424593,0.0001114745,0.001606339,0.0003925933,0.1625814,0.001688938,0.7955742,0.01338215,0.0156131],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002909868,0.0001557144,0.005753325,0.0000880074,0.0001197116,0.0008313883,0.0003933424,0.5629457,0.0006528374,0.4242021,0.004470177,0.00009668784],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8221107,0.002717331,0.07067443,0.01618813,0.0002898876,0.0001018808,0.003023975,0.0007500551,0.08414359],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9438946,0.0009756932,0.002391855,0.0003004678,0.0001392776,0.00004201784,0.0004601894,0.00009832787,0.05169753],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01993014,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06667292,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01016343161415908,"score_gpt":0.1992839296490225,"score_spread":0.1891204980348634,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}