{"id":"W4320509523","doi":"10.2991/978-94-6463-052-7_26","title":"The Impact of Technology Expenditure on the Commercial Banks’ Profitability in Canada","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Advances in economics, business and management research/Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research","topic":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Profitability index; Spillover effect; Sample (material); Investment (military); Business; Finance; Financial system; Economics; Macroeconomics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005847714,0.0002150454,0.0002067936,0.001917125,0.001859698,0.002971958,0.0006611928,0.0003259168,0.003709883],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004111509,0.0001300499,0.0002127092,0.004764508,0.001186132,0.0006692768,0.000781578,0.0006642839,0.0003473955],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.06075183,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.05348754,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9935596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9955781,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990332,0.00006815023,0.00002071896,0.00007132675,0.0005089175,0.0002977216],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960284,0.0007092624,0.0006703526,0.00008610014,0.001894386,0.000611423],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003365562,0.0001275527,0.7200339,0.0002521974,0.0001250249,0.0009239709,0.004761257,0.009430851,0.001698455,0.0370381,0.0781133,0.1471588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001188157,0.00002922915,0.9587957,0.0001253925,0.00005830304,0.0001380367,0.004056137,0.00479041,0.0009307413,0.0008760311,0.03014122,0.00004693761],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9254022,0.003759222,0.0002552462,0.005172945,0.00003260416,0.00001904034,0.004540994,0.00006310772,0.06075464],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9873732,0.002344723,0.000179454,0.0001525565,0.00001380795,0.00000455797,0.001021543,0.00001411414,0.008896087],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06075183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4407874,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03516324663107314,"score_gpt":0.3189238293216001,"score_spread":0.283760582690527,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}