{"id":"W4320512496","doi":"10.2991/978-2-494069-89-3_252","title":"A Comparative Analysis of CET, IELTS and TOFEL for English Acquisition","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research/Advances in social science, education and humanities research","topic":"Educational Technology and Assessment","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Natural language processing; Linguistics; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009501469,0.0002142586,0.000244038,0.00208159,0.0002408504,0.001096637,0.0005357887,0.0002431086,0.02033421],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004944588,0.0000775495,0.0002748244,0.001912624,0.0003286858,0.00160784,0.0005814387,0.0004204107,0.002231684],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008517619,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008696143,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002995931,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009675081,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992666,0.0001826592,0.00003270417,0.00005432678,0.0004172793,0.00004641842],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958733,0.002754271,0.0002232964,0.00006732299,0.000866514,0.0002153005],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009183018,0.0005686292,0.229282,0.001293805,0.00009856352,0.002678038,0.007005687,0.0008238956,0.003120159,0.0154435,0.04084563,0.6979218],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005349227,0.001074302,0.862964,0.0007855989,0.0001145179,0.003447322,0.01333863,0.00237855,0.002530492,0.004954415,0.1083057,0.00005307933],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7247596,0.01300457,0.002228888,0.001013671,0.0001694398,0.0001206282,0.002207855,0.0002227856,0.2562726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8982193,0.005301996,0.002927523,0.0002776235,0.00007250265,0.000136828,0.00296058,0.0001484306,0.08995522],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02033421,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06802469,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1121975428524379,"score_gpt":0.4873635409223358,"score_spread":0.3751659980698979,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}