{"id":"W4321113560","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2023.119750","title":"Target and nontarget screening of PFAS in drinking water for a large-scale survey of urban and rural communities in Québec, Canada","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Université de Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Perfluorooctane; Perfluorooctanoic acid; Tap water; Groundwater; Environmental chemistry; Surface water; Contamination; Chemistry; Environmental science; Environmental health; Sulfonate; Environmental engineering; Medicine; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000470153,0.0004913841,0.000407645,0.0008496956,0.002959295,0.0008636992,0.000993298,0.0005875942,0.001384156],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008544258,0.0003288428,0.000376149,0.002089522,0.0006300536,0.0003263878,0.000599924,0.0004977126,0.0002634781],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01722122,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01285503,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.994055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9975434,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993004,0.00009618005,0.000029426,0.0001269935,0.0002225221,0.0002245136],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990024,0.00006511831,0.00009668608,0.00002203221,0.0005744227,0.0002394355],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001226643,0.0002164084,0.9815404,0.00008584823,0.00005625089,0.0002302263,0.00258341,0.0002853343,0.0026284,0.00008930874,0.001968822,0.01019285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009819872,0.0000768975,0.995726,0.00001495536,0.00001910308,0.00005630553,0.002410811,0.0003428652,0.0001738066,0.00001148916,0.001149641,0.000008429683],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947132,0.0002647344,0.0003710589,0.0002251179,0.000006472607,0.000197361,0.00271278,0.00001445312,0.001494738],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947788,0.0002634618,0.0006705304,0.0002747329,0.000004695639,0.00008926105,0.0009736227,0.000006807393,0.002937959],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01722122,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1249492,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05857731302689341,"score_gpt":0.3111284101958756,"score_spread":0.2525510971689822,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}