{"id":"W4321483867","doi":"10.1109/tcss.2023.3244068","title":"Multimodal Fake News Analysis Based on Image–Text Similarity","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems","topic":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Similarity (geometry); Computer science; Image (mathematics); Information retrieval; Semantic similarity; Artificial intelligence; Natural language processing; Pattern recognition (psychology)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001315976,0.001099057,0.000900769,0.005533194,0.000536785,0.001522616,0.0004865259,0.0008769296,0.002092761],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008753329,0.0001699217,0.000885036,0.00210284,0.0007248475,0.002344368,0.0009441336,0.0006539458,0.0009272732],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005343683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003025802,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001877912,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001617691,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985941,0.0002978878,0.0001280956,0.0002993261,0.0005394014,0.0001412541],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9956649,0.00166961,0.0009277726,0.0005836775,0.001008761,0.000145269],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0031912,0.0006073036,0.076476,0.001488177,0.000804253,0.002050629,0.001478378,0.06541159,0.06040001,0.006639576,0.01074615,0.7707067],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004330523,0.0008004472,0.09284785,0.0001109164,0.0003986029,0.001872867,0.001140778,0.8447317,0.04650828,0.004500696,0.006906424,0.0001379654],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.759751,0.00322484,0.2197948,0.0005642525,0.000379386,0.0003904045,0.001852655,0.001708231,0.01233446],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9739978,0.0004329149,0.02273384,0.00004928548,0.0001264127,0.00006882455,0.0008858312,0.00004129368,0.001663785],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005533194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007000923,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0400688209866232,"score_gpt":0.3377949460983831,"score_spread":0.2977261251117599,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}